Consciousness The Merriam Webster online dictionary (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/consciousness) defines consciousness as “the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself or the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state, or fact” or “the state of being characterized by sensation, emotion, volition, and thought”. As synonyms, it includes “aware” as in “having specified facts or feelings actively impressed on the mi

Timeline -13.8 billion years-the big bang -5 billion years-our sun forms -4.5 billion years-earth forms -3.5-4 billion years- primitive life emergences on earth -850 million to 1 billion years-ancestors of algae exist -800 million years-first multicellular organisms appear -650 to 700 million years-sponge like organisms exist -530 million years-fish-like vertebrates evolve -470-500 million years-aquatic green algae begin colonizing land. -420–450 million years-animals began c

Monism and dualism Is the world made of many things or only one thing that can be fashioned into different shapes or appearances? This can be called the problem of one or two (or many). Monism views everything as one even if things appear different. Philosophers define different types of monism. Here we will be mostly concerned with substance monism which asserts that everything is made of one basic substance or priority monism which states that everything is derived from a